Chapter 5 of 13
Chapter 5: How Many?
Addition & Subtraction within 10, Word Problems & Story Contexts | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Combining two collections to find 'How many altogether?' (Addition).
- Taking away items from a group to find 'How many left?' (Subtraction).
- Using fingers, dot cards, and pictures for addition facts.
- Properties of Zero in addition and subtraction (adding 0 gives same number).
- Solving simple everyday addition and subtraction story problems.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (19 Questions)
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Q1
Textbook Exercise • Adding Flowers
Rohan has 3 red roses in his hand. Maya gives him 2 yellow roses. How many roses does Rohan have altogether?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Red roses = 3
2. Yellow roses = 2
3. Total roses = 3 + 2 = 5 roses altogether.
1. Red roses = 3
2. Yellow roses = 2
3. Total roses = 3 + 2 = 5 roses altogether.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Addition expression 3 + 2
1 M
Answer: 5 roses
1 M
Q2
Textbook Exercise • Taking Away Balloons
A balloon seller held 6 colorful balloons. 2 balloons popped with a bang. How many balloons are left?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Initial balloons = 6
2. Popped balloons = 2
3. Balloons left = 6 - 2 = 4 balloons.
1. Initial balloons = 6
2. Popped balloons = 2
3. Balloons left = 6 - 2 = 4 balloons.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Subtraction expression 6 - 2
1 M
Answer: 4 balloons
1 M
Q3
Let Us Do • Frogs on Water Lilies
Look at the pond picture: 5 frogs are sitting on water lily pads. 2 more frogs jump out of the water onto the pads. How many frogs in all?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Frogs on pads = 5
• New frogs joining = 2
• Total frogs = 5 + 2 = 7 frogs.
• Frogs on pads = 5
• New frogs joining = 2
• Total frogs = 5 + 2 = 7 frogs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
5 + 2 = 7
1 M
Correct total with unit
1 M
Q4
Textbook Exercise • Adding Zero
A fruit plate has 4 sweet bananas. No more bananas were added (0 bananas added). How many bananas are on the plate?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 4 + 0 = 4 bananas.
• Adding zero to any number leaves the number unchanged.
• 4 + 0 = 4 bananas.
• Adding zero to any number leaves the number unchanged.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
4 + 0 = 4
1 M
Property of zero explained
1 M
Q5
Textbook Exercise • Subtracting Zero
Ankit had 5 toy cars. He did not give any car to his brother (gave 0 cars). How many toy cars does Ankit still have?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 5 - 0 = 5 toy cars.
• Subtracting zero does not decrease the collection.
• 5 - 0 = 5 toy cars.
• Subtracting zero does not decrease the collection.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
5 - 0 = 5
1 M
Property of zero in subtraction
1 M
Q6
Let Us Do • Addition Facts of 6
Write three different addition pairs that equal 6.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 1 + 5 = 6
• 2 + 4 = 6
• 3 + 3 = 6 (also 0 + 6 = 6).
• 1 + 5 = 6
• 2 + 4 = 6
• 3 + 3 = 6 (also 0 + 6 = 6).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Three valid pairs provided
2 M
Q7
Textbook Exercise • Sparrows on a Wire
7 sparrows were resting on an electric wire. 3 sparrows flew away to catch insects. How many sparrows remained on the wire?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Initial sparrows = 7
• Sparrows that flew away = 3
• Sparrows left = 7 - 3 = 4 sparrows.
• Initial sparrows = 7
• Sparrows that flew away = 3
• Sparrows left = 7 - 3 = 4 sparrows.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
7 - 3 = 4
1 M
Answer: 4 sparrows
1 M
Q8
Let Us Think • Number Line Addition
Start at number 4 on the number line. Take 3 hops forward. Where do you land?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Starting point = 4
• Jump 3 forward: 4 → 5 → 6 → 7.
• You land on 7 (4 + 3 = 7).
• Starting point = 4
• Jump 3 forward: 4 → 5 → 6 → 7.
• You land on 7 (4 + 3 = 7).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Shows 3 forward hops
1 M
Lands on 7
1 M
Q9
Let Us Think • Number Line Subtraction
Start at number 8 on the number line. Take 3 hops backward. Where do you land?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Starting point = 8
• Jump 3 backward: 8 → 7 → 6 → 5.
• You land on 5 (8 - 3 = 5).
• Starting point = 8
• Jump 3 backward: 8 → 7 → 6 → 5.
• You land on 5 (8 - 3 = 5).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Shows 3 backward hops
1 M
Lands on 5
1 M
Q10
Textbook Exercise • Match the Sum
Match each expression to its result: (a) 4 + 4, (b) 2 + 7, (c) 9 - 4, (d) 8 - 6.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• (a) 4 + 4 = 8
• (b) 2 + 7 = 9
• (c) 9 - 4 = 5
• (d) 8 - 6 = 2
• (a) 4 + 4 = 8
• (b) 2 + 7 = 9
• (c) 9 - 4 = 5
• (d) 8 - 6 = 2
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 4 correctly matched
2 M
Q11
Word Problem • Pencils in a Box
Neha has 5 sharpened pencils. Her mother gives her 4 more sharpened pencils. How many pencils does Neha have in her box now?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Pencils with Neha = 5
• Pencils given by mother = 4
• Total pencils = 5 + 4 = 9 pencils.
• Pencils with Neha = 5
• Pencils given by mother = 4
• Total pencils = 5 + 4 = 9 pencils.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
5 + 4 = 9
1 M
Answer with unit: 9 pencils
1 M
Q12
Word Problem • Apples on a Tree
There were 8 red apples hanging on a branch. The wind blew and 5 apples fell to the ground. How many apples are still on the branch?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Apples on branch = 8
• Apples fallen = 5
• Apples left on branch = 8 - 5 = 3 apples.
• Apples on branch = 8
• Apples fallen = 5
• Apples left on branch = 8 - 5 = 3 apples.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
8 - 5 = 3
1 M
Answer with unit: 3 apples
1 M
Q13
Let Us Do • Domino Dots Adding
A domino tile has 3 dots on one side and 3 dots on the other side. What is the total sum of dots?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 3 + 3 = 6 dots (doubles fact).
• 3 + 3 = 6 dots (doubles fact).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
3 + 3 = 6
1 M
Correct total
1 M
Q14
Textbook Exercise • Subtracting Everything
Geeta had 6 candies. She gave all 6 candies to her friends. How many candies does she have left?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 6 - 6 = 0 candies.
• When you subtract a number from itself, the result is always zero.
• 6 - 6 = 0 candies.
• When you subtract a number from itself, the result is always zero.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
6 - 6 = 0
1 M
Explanation of zero remainder
1 M
Q15
Mental Math • Missing Addend
What number must you add to 6 to make 9? Write the missing number: 6 + __ = 9.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Count forward from 6: 7, 8, 9 (3 counts).
• 6 + 3 = 9.
• Count forward from 6: 7, 8, 9 (3 counts).
• 6 + 3 = 9.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Identified 3
1 M
Workings shown
1 M
Q16
Mental Math • Missing Subtrahend
Fill the blank: 8 - __ = 5.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 8 - 5 = 3.
• Therefore, 8 - 3 = 5.
• 8 - 5 = 3.
• Therefore, 8 - 3 = 5.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Identified 3
1 M
Correct subtraction balance
1 M
Q17
Let Us Think • True or False
State True or False: 3 + 4 gives the same answer as 4 + 3.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 3 + 4 = 7 and 4 + 3 = 7.
• True. Changing the order of numbers in addition does not change the sum.
• 3 + 4 = 7 and 4 + 3 = 7.
• True. Changing the order of numbers in addition does not change the sum.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
True with correct sums (7 = 7)
2 M
Q18
Activity • Finger Addition
Raise 4 fingers on your left hand and 4 fingers on your right hand. Count all upright fingers.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• 4 fingers + 4 fingers = 8 fingers.
• 4 fingers + 4 fingers = 8 fingers.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
4 + 4 = 8
2 M
Q19
Competency Review • Making 10 from Two Groups
A fruit basket has 7 oranges. How many more oranges must be placed in the basket so that it contains 10 oranges?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Target = 10 oranges
• Existing = 7 oranges
• Needed = 10 - 7 = 3 oranges.
• Target = 10 oranges
• Existing = 7 oranges
• Needed = 10 - 7 = 3 oranges.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
10 - 7 = 3
1 M
Answer: 3 oranges
1 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Frogs in the Pond Case Study
Four green frogs were sitting on a lotus leaf in the pond. Three more frogs leaped onto the leaf. Soon after, two frogs jumped back into the cool water.
Analytical Task: How many frogs were on the leaf after the three leaped in? How many frogs remained on the leaf after two jumped into the water?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
1. After three frogs joined: 4 + 3 = 7 frogs on the leaf.
2. After two jumped away: 7 - 2 = 5 frogs remaining.
2. After two jumped away: 7 - 2 = 5 frogs remaining.
Rubric: 1.5 M for 4 + 3 = 7 frogs + 1.5 M for 7 - 2 = 5 frogs