Chapter 8 of 11
Chapter 8: Grouping and Sharing
Equal Distribution, Visual Arrays, Repeated Addition & Multiplication Readiness | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Distributing collections equally among a given number of groups.
- Connecting repeated addition of equal groups to multiplication (e.g. 4 + 4 + 4 = 3 × 4 = 12).
- Finding totals from everyday arrays: animal legs, bicycle wheels, flower petals.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (18 Questions)
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Q1
Equal Sharing • Basic Division
Share 15 bananas equally among 3 monkeys. Draw or write how many bananas each monkey gets.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Total bananas = 15
• Monkeys = 3
• Give 1 by 1 until finished: 15 ÷ 3 = 5 bananas each.
• Check: 5 + 5 + 5 = 15.
• Total bananas = 15
• Monkeys = 3
• Give 1 by 1 until finished: 15 ÷ 3 = 5 bananas each.
• Check: 5 + 5 + 5 = 15.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Equal sharing method
1 M
Answer: 5 bananas each
1 M
Q2
Repeated Addition to Multiplication
Write the repeated addition sentence and multiplication sentence for:
4 plates with 3 cookies on each plate.
[2 Marks]
4 plates with 3 cookies on each plate.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Repeated addition: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 cookies.
• Multiplication sentence: 4 × 3 = 12 cookies (4 groups of 3).
• Repeated addition: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 cookies.
• Multiplication sentence: 4 × 3 = 12 cookies (4 groups of 3).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Addition: 3+3+3+3=12
1 M
Multiplication: 4×3=12
1 M
Q3
Animal Legs Array
There are 5 cows grazing in a meadow. Each cow has 4 legs. How many cow legs are there altogether?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Number of cows = 5
• Legs per cow = 4
• Repeated addition: 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20 legs.
• (5 × 4 = 20 legs).
• Number of cows = 5
• Legs per cow = 4
• Repeated addition: 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20 legs.
• (5 × 4 = 20 legs).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Repeated addition setup
1 M
Final answer: 20 legs
1 M
Q4
Bicycle Wheels Array
There are 6 bicycles parked outside a school. Each bicycle has 2 wheels. What is the total number of wheels?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Number of bicycles = 6
• Wheels per bicycle = 2
• 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12 wheels.
• (6 × 2 = 12 wheels).
• Number of bicycles = 6
• Wheels per bicycle = 2
• 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12 wheels.
• (6 × 2 = 12 wheels).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Skip counting by 2
1 M
Answer: 12 wheels
1 M
Q5
Tricycle Wheels Array
A toy shop has 4 tricycles. Each tricycle has 3 wheels. How many wheels in all?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• 4 tricycles × 3 wheels = 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 wheels.
• 4 tricycles × 3 wheels = 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 wheels.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Working shown
1 M
Answer: 12 wheels
1 M
Q6
Equal Sharing • Remainder Concept
Mother has 14 apples. She divides them equally between Rahul and Ananya. Does she have any apples left over?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Total apples = 14
• Number of children = 2
• 14 ÷ 2 = 7 apples each.
• Since 14 is an even number, 0 apples are left over (no remainder).
• Total apples = 14
• Number of children = 2
• 14 ÷ 2 = 7 apples each.
• Since 14 is an even number, 0 apples are left over (no remainder).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
7 apples each
1 M
0 left over confirmed
1 M
Q7
Equal Sharing with Leftover
Divide 11 marbles equally between 2 friends. How many marbles does each friend get, and how many marbles are left over?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• 11 = 5 + 5 + 1.
• Each friend gets 5 marbles.
• 1 marble is left over.
• 11 = 5 + 5 + 1.
• Each friend gets 5 marbles.
• 1 marble is left over.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
5 marbles each
1 M
1 marble remainder
1 M
Q8
Array Multiplication • Rows and Columns
An egg tray has 3 rows of eggs. Each row contains 6 eggs. How many eggs are in the tray?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Rows = 3
• Eggs per row = 6
• Total eggs = 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 eggs (3 × 6 = 18).
• Rows = 3
• Eggs per row = 6
• Total eggs = 6 + 6 + 6 = 18 eggs (3 × 6 = 18).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
6 + 6 + 6 setup
1 M
Answer: 18 eggs
1 M
Q9
Flower Petals
A sunflower has 5 petals in a small drawing. If there are 4 sunflowers, how many petals are there in total?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• 4 sunflowers × 5 petals = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20 petals.
• 4 sunflowers × 5 petals = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20 petals.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Skip count by 5
1 M
Answer: 20 petals
1 M
Q10
Grouping into Pouches
Deepak has 24 buttons. He puts 4 buttons in each packet. How many packets can he prepare?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Total buttons = 24
• Buttons per packet = 4
• Skip counting by 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 (6 packets).
• Deepak can prepare 6 packets.
• Total buttons = 24
• Buttons per packet = 4
• Skip counting by 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 (6 packets).
• Deepak can prepare 6 packets.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Division/Skip counting by 4
1 M
Answer: 6 packets
1 M
Q11
Number Line Jumps • Frog Jumps
A frog takes jumps of 3 steps each along a number line starting at 0. After 5 jumps, which number does it reach?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Jump 1: 3
• Jump 2: 6
• Jump 3: 9
• Jump 4: 12
• Jump 5: 15.
• The frog reaches the number 15 (5 × 3 = 15).
• Jump 1: 3
• Jump 2: 6
• Jump 3: 9
• Jump 4: 12
• Jump 5: 15.
• The frog reaches the number 15 (5 × 3 = 15).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Jump steps shown
1 M
Final number: 15
1 M
Q12
Comparing Equal Groups
Which gives more chocolates:
(a) 3 packets of 5 chocolates each, or
(b) 2 packets of 8 chocolates each?
[3 Marks]
(a) 3 packets of 5 chocolates each, or
(b) 2 packets of 8 chocolates each?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Option (a) = 3 × 5 = 15 chocolates.
• Option (b) = 2 × 8 = 16 chocolates.
• Since 16 > 15, Option (b) gives more chocolates.
• Option (a) = 3 × 5 = 15 chocolates.
• Option (b) = 2 × 8 = 16 chocolates.
• Since 16 > 15, Option (b) gives more chocolates.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Option A = 15
1 M
Option B = 16
1 M
Conclusion: Option B gives more
1 M
Q13
Let Us Think • Commutative Property
Does 2 groups of 6 give the same total as 6 groups of 2? Show by calculating both.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answer:
• 2 groups of 6 = 6 + 6 = 12.
• 6 groups of 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12.
• Yes, both give the exact same total: 2 × 6 = 6 × 2 = 12.
• 2 groups of 6 = 6 + 6 = 12.
• 6 groups of 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12.
• Yes, both give the exact same total: 2 × 6 = 6 × 2 = 12.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Both sums calculated (12)
1 M
Yes, verified identical
1 M
Q14
Word Problem • Sharing Crayons
A teacher has 20 crayons. She shares them equally among 4 art tables. How many crayons does each table get?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Total crayons = 20
• Tables = 4
• 20 ÷ 4 = 5 crayons per table.
• Total crayons = 20
• Tables = 4
• 20 ÷ 4 = 5 crayons per table.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Division setup (20 ÷ 4)
1 M
Answer: 5 crayons
1 M
Q15
True or False • Grouping Rules
Write True or False:
(a) Sharing 10 items equally among 5 people gives 2 items each.
(b) 4 + 4 + 4 is the same as 3 × 4.
(c) 7 items can be divided equally between 2 people with no leftover.
[3 Marks]
(a) Sharing 10 items equally among 5 people gives 2 items each.
(b) 4 + 4 + 4 is the same as 3 × 4.
(c) 7 items can be divided equally between 2 people with no leftover.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answers:
(a) True (10 ÷ 5 = 2).
(b) True (both equal 12).
(c) False (7 is odd, 1 item is left over).
(a) True (10 ÷ 5 = 2).
(b) True (both equal 12).
(c) False (7 is odd, 1 item is left over).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 3 correct (1 M each)
3 M
Q16
Grouping Riddle
We are 4 cats sitting in a porch. How many total paws and ears do we have together?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Paws: 4 cats × 4 paws = 16 paws.
• Ears: 4 cats × 2 ears = 8 ears.
• Total paws and ears = 16 + 8 = 24 altogether.
• Paws: 4 cats × 4 paws = 16 paws.
• Ears: 4 cats × 2 ears = 8 ears.
• Total paws and ears = 16 + 8 = 24 altogether.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
16 paws
1 M
8 ears (total 24)
1 M
Q17
Mental Math • Zero in Sharing
If there are 0 apples in a bowl and 3 children share it, how many apples does each child get?
[1 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answer:
• 0 shared among 3 = 0 ÷ 3 = 0 apples each.
• You cannot get apples from an empty bowl!
• 0 shared among 3 = 0 ÷ 3 = 0 apples each.
• You cannot get apples from an empty bowl!
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Answer: 0 apples
1 M
Q18
Creative Math Array
Draw an array with 2 rows of 5 stars (⭐). Write the repeated addition and total.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Row 1: ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ (5)
• Row 2: ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ (5)
• Repeated addition: 5 + 5 = 10 stars (2 × 5 = 10).
• Row 1: ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ (5)
• Row 2: ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ (5)
• Repeated addition: 5 + 5 = 10 stars (2 × 5 = 10).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
2 rows of 5 represented
1 M
5 + 5 = 10 stars
1 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Equal Sharing of Gulab Jamuns
Grandmother prepares 18 fresh gulab jamuns for 3 grandchildren: Rohit, Tanu, and Yash. She wants to distribute them equally with none left over.
Analytical Task: How many gulab jamuns does each grandchild receive? If 2 more friends arrive (making 5 children), can 18 jamuns be divided equally without remainders?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
1. 18 shared equally among 3 children = 18 ÷ 3 = 6 gulab jamuns each.
2. For 5 children: 18 ÷ 5 = 3 jamuns each with 3 jamuns left over. Therefore, 18 cannot be divided equally among 5 children without remainder.
2. For 5 children: 18 ÷ 5 = 3 jamuns each with 3 jamuns left over. Therefore, 18 cannot be divided equally among 5 children without remainder.
Rubric: 1.5 M for 6 jamuns calculation + 1.5 M for 5-children remainder analysis