Chapter 15 of 15
Chapter 15: How Many Ponytails?
Counting Hairstyles, Shoe Colors, Drinking Water & Fruit Charts | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Collecting, organizing, and recording survey data from classmates.
- Categorizing hairstyles (1 ponytail, 2 ponytails, short hair).
- Reading tally tables and pictographs for favorite fruits and shoe colors.
- Comparing data categories: identifying most, least, and finding differences.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (16 Questions)
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Q1
Textbook Exercise • Hairstyle Count
Look at the children in a classroom. Count and record:
• Number of children with two ponytails = 8
• Number of children with one ponytail = 6
• Number of children with short hair = 14
Which hairstyle is the most common?
[2 Marks]
• Number of children with two ponytails = 8
• Number of children with one ponytail = 6
• Number of children with short hair = 14
Which hairstyle is the most common?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Answer:
• Two ponytails = 8
• One ponytail = 6
• Short hair = 14
• Since 14 is the highest number, short hair is the most common hairstyle.
• Two ponytails = 8
• One ponytail = 6
• Short hair = 14
• Since 14 is the highest number, short hair is the most common hairstyle.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Short hair identified
1 M
Comparison of 14 > 8 > 6 explained
1 M
Q2
Textbook Exercise • Shoe Colors Survey
Look at the shoes worn by children in Class 2:
• Black shoes = 16 children
• Brown shoes = 9 children
• White sports shoes = 7 children
(a) Which colour shoe is worn by the most children?
(b) How many more children wear black shoes than brown shoes?
[2 Marks]
• Black shoes = 16 children
• Brown shoes = 9 children
• White sports shoes = 7 children
(a) Which colour shoe is worn by the most children?
(b) How many more children wear black shoes than brown shoes?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Black shoes are worn by the most children (16).
(b) Difference = 16 - 9 = 7 more children.
(a) Black shoes are worn by the most children (16).
(b) Difference = 16 - 9 = 7 more children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
(a) Black shoes
1 M
(b) Difference of 7 calculated
1 M
Q3
Textbook Exercise • Water Drinking Chart
A survey asked children how many glasses of water they drink every day:
• 1 glass: 3 children
• 2 glasses: 6 children
• 3 glasses: 12 children
• 4 or more glasses: 9 children
(a) How many children drink 3 glasses of water?
(b) How many children drink less than 3 glasses of water?
[2 Marks]
• 1 glass: 3 children
• 2 glasses: 6 children
• 3 glasses: 12 children
• 4 or more glasses: 9 children
(a) How many children drink 3 glasses of water?
(b) How many children drink less than 3 glasses of water?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Number of children drinking 3 glasses = 12 children.
(b) Less than 3 glasses = 1 glass (3) + 2 glasses (6) = 3 + 6 = 9 children.
(a) Number of children drinking 3 glasses = 12 children.
(b) Less than 3 glasses = 1 glass (3) + 2 glasses (6) = 3 + 6 = 9 children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
(a) 12 children
1 M
(b) 9 children calculated
1 M
Q4
Textbook Table • Transportation Survey
Children come to school by different means:
• By School Bus: 18
• By Bicycle: 7
• On Foot (Walking): 10
• By Auto-rickshaw: 5
(a) Which is the most popular way of coming to school?
(b) What is the total number of children surveyed?
[2 Marks]
• By School Bus: 18
• By Bicycle: 7
• On Foot (Walking): 10
• By Auto-rickshaw: 5
(a) Which is the most popular way of coming to school?
(b) What is the total number of children surveyed?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) The most popular way is School Bus (18 children).
(b) Total children = 18 + 7 + 10 + 5 = 25 + 15 = 40 children.
(a) The most popular way is School Bus (18 children).
(b) Total children = 18 + 7 + 10 + 5 = 25 + 15 = 40 children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
(a) School Bus identified
1 M
(b) Total 40 children calculated
1 M
Q5
Pictograph Reading
In a fruit chart, each smiley face 🙂 represents 1 child. If Banana has 4 smileys and Mango has 7 smileys, how many children like Banana and how many like Mango?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Calculation:
• Banana = 4 smileys × 1 = 4 children.
• Mango = 7 smileys × 1 = 7 children.
• Banana = 4 smileys × 1 = 4 children.
• Mango = 7 smileys × 1 = 7 children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Banana: 4 children
1 M
Mango: 7 children
1 M
Q6
Comparative Deduction
In a pet survey: 15 children have dogs, 9 have cats, and 4 have birds. How many more children have dogs than cats?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Dogs = 15
• Cats = 9
• Difference = 15 - 9 = 6 more children.
• Dogs = 15
• Cats = 9
• Difference = 15 - 9 = 6 more children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Subtraction 15 - 9 shown
1 M
6 more children correct
1 M
Q7
Tally Marks Introduction
What is the purpose of drawing tally marks or tick marks when counting items in a survey?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Explanation:
• Tally marks allow us to record data one by one as people answer, without needing to erase or rewrite numbers.
• They group counts into batches of 5, making final addition simple and error-free.
• Tally marks allow us to record data one by one as people answer, without needing to erase or rewrite numbers.
• They group counts into batches of 5, making final addition simple and error-free.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Quick recording without erasing explained
1 M
Batching of counts explained
1 M
Q8
Birthday Month Survey
In Class 2-A: 4 children were born in January, 2 in February, 5 in July, and 6 in November. In which of these months were the most children born?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• January = 4
• February = 2
• July = 5
• November = 6
• The most birthdays fall in November (6 children).
• January = 4
• February = 2
• July = 5
• November = 6
• The most birthdays fall in November (6 children).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
November identified
1 M
Count 6 verified as highest
1 M
Q9
Ice-Cream Flavor Comparison
A survey of 25 children found: 10 like Vanilla, 8 like Chocolate, and the rest like Strawberry. How many children like Strawberry?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
• Vanilla + Chocolate = 10 + 8 = 18 children.
• Total children = 25.
• Strawberry lovers = 25 - 18 = 7 children.
• Vanilla + Chocolate = 10 + 8 = 18 children.
• Total children = 25.
• Strawberry lovers = 25 - 18 = 7 children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
10 + 8 = 18 calculated
1 M
25 - 18 = 7 calculated
1 M
Q10
Table Data Interpretation
State one true fact and one question you can ask by looking at the Hairstyle data table (8 two ponytails, 6 one ponytail, 14 short hair).
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Answer:
• True Fact: More children have short hair than all ponytail styles combined (14 short hair vs 8 + 6 = 14 ponytail styles, making them equal).
• Question: How many girls in the class have two ponytails?
• True Fact: More children have short hair than all ponytail styles combined (14 short hair vs 8 + 6 = 14 ponytail styles, making them equal).
• Question: How many girls in the class have two ponytails?
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Valid true fact from data
1 M
Valid analytical question
1 M
Q11
True or False
State True or False:
(a) A data table helps us see and compare information quickly.
(b) In a survey of 20 children, the total of all categories can add up to 50.
[2 Marks]
(a) A data table helps us see and compare information quickly.
(b) In a survey of 20 children, the total of all categories can add up to 50.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answers:
(a) True. Organizing data into tables makes comparison simple.
(b) False. If only 20 children are surveyed and each answers once, the sum of categories cannot exceed 20.
(a) True. Organizing data into tables makes comparison simple.
(b) False. If only 20 children are surveyed and each answers once, the sum of categories cannot exceed 20.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
(a) True
1 M
(b) False with survey logic explanation
1 M
Q12
Chapter Reflection
What is 'data' and why do we collect it?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Summary:
• Data is a collection of facts, numbers, or details about people, objects, or events.
• We collect data to answer real-life questions (like which fruit to buy for a party, or how many buses are needed for school).
• Data is a collection of facts, numbers, or details about people, objects, or events.
• We collect data to answer real-life questions (like which fruit to buy for a party, or how many buses are needed for school).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Definition of data
1 M
Purpose of data collection explained
1 M
Q13
Quick Quiz Problem
If 15 children like cricket and 9 like football, what is the total number of sports lovers?
[1 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• 15 + 9 = 24 sports lovers.
• 15 + 9 = 24 sports lovers.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
24 correct
1 M
Q14
Textbook Activity • Counting Hair Ponytails
In a class of 20 girls, 12 girls have 2 ponytails, 6 girls have 1 ponytail, and 2 girls have short open hair. Which ponytail style is most common in the class?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answer:
• 2 ponytails = 12 girls.
• 1 ponytail = 6 girls.
• Open hair = 2 girls.
• The 2 ponytails style is the most common (highest frequency).
• 2 ponytails = 12 girls.
• 1 ponytail = 6 girls.
• Open hair = 2 girls.
• The 2 ponytails style is the most common (highest frequency).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Comparison of numbers
1 M
2 ponytails most common
1 M
Q15
Textbook Data • Favorite Fruits Chart
A survey of 15 children showed: 7 like Mango, 5 like Apple, and 3 like Banana.
(a) Which fruit is liked by the most children?
(b) How many more children like Mango than Banana?
[2.5 Marks]
(a) Which fruit is liked by the most children?
(b) How many more children like Mango than Banana?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answers:
(a) Mango is liked by the most children (7 children).
(b) Difference = 7 - 3 = 4 more children.
(a) Mango is liked by the most children (7 children).
(b) Difference = 7 - 3 = 4 more children.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Mango most liked
1 M
Difference 7 - 3 = 4
1.5 M
Q16
Textbook Activity • Water Glasses Drank
Look at the tally of glasses of water drunk daily: Rohan drinks 8 glasses, Meera drinks 6 glasses, Aman drinks 7 glasses. How many total glasses of water do the three children drink in a day?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculation:
• Total glasses = 8 + 6 + 7 = 21 glasses of water.
• Total glasses = 8 + 6 + 7 = 21 glasses of water.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Addition 8 + 6 + 7
1 M
21 glasses total
1 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Class 2 Favorite Fruit Survey
The class teacher conducted a survey on children's favorite fruits: 12 children like Mango, 8 like Banana, 5 like Apple, and 7 like Orange.
Analytical Task: Which fruit is liked the most? Which fruit is liked the least? How many more children like Mango than Banana? How many children participated in the survey?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
1. Most liked fruit: Mango (12 children).
2. Least liked fruit: Apple (5 children).
3. Difference (Mango vs Banana): 12 - 8 = 4 more children.
4. Total children: 12 + 8 + 5 + 7 = 32 children.
2. Least liked fruit: Apple (5 children).
3. Difference (Mango vs Banana): 12 - 8 = 4 more children.
4. Total children: 12 + 8 + 5 + 7 = 32 children.
Rubric: 1 M for most & least liked + 1 M for difference (4) + 1 M for total participants (32)