Chapter 3 of 14
Chapter 3: Give and Take
Addition, 100-Chart Jumps, Word Problems & Story-Based Arithmetic | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Using a 100-chart to add: jumping up by 10s and right by 1s.
- Mental addition: adding 10, 20, or 30 quickly to any 2-digit number.
- Addition of 3-digit numbers with regrouping across ones and tens.
- Breaking numbers into easy tens to solve word problems mentally.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (17 Questions)
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Q1
100-Chart Jump Strategy • Mental Addition
Using the 100-chart jump strategy, solve: (a) 47 + 20, (b) 28 + 35, (c) 65 + 19. Show the jumps.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solutions:
• (a) 47 + 20: From 47, jump 2 rows directly up (+20) = 67.
• (b) 28 + 35: From 28, jump 3 rows up (+30) to 58; then step 5 rooms right (+5) = 63.
• (c) 65 + 19: Adding 19 is jumping 2 rows up (+20 to 85) and taking 1 step back (-1) = 84.
• (a) 47 + 20: From 47, jump 2 rows directly up (+20) = 67.
• (b) 28 + 35: From 28, jump 3 rows up (+30) to 58; then step 5 rooms right (+5) = 63.
• (c) 65 + 19: Adding 19 is jumping 2 rows up (+20 to 85) and taking 1 step back (-1) = 84.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct mental jump for (a)
1.0 M
Correct mental jump for (b)
1.0 M
Clever +20 and -1 jump for (c)
1.0 M
Q2
3-Digit Addition with Regrouping
A train compartment has 132 passengers. At the next junction, 69 more passengers get in. How many passengers are in the compartment now? Show the column working.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Column Addition:
H T O
1 3 2
+ 6 9
---------
2 0 1
• Working:
1. Ones: 2 + 9 = 11 → Write 1 in Ones place, carry 1 Ten.
2. Tens: 3 + 6 + 1 (carry) = 10 → Write 0 in Tens place, carry 1 Hundred.
3. Hundreds: 1 + 1 (carry) = 2 Hundreds.
• Total passengers = 201.
H T O
1 3 2
+ 6 9
---------
2 0 1
• Working:
1. Ones: 2 + 9 = 11 → Write 1 in Ones place, carry 1 Ten.
2. Tens: 3 + 6 + 1 (carry) = 10 → Write 0 in Tens place, carry 1 Hundred.
3. Hundreds: 1 + 1 (carry) = 2 Hundreds.
• Total passengers = 201.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct column alignment and regrouping steps
1.5 M
Correct final sum (201 passengers)
1.5 M
Q3
Real-Life Problem Solving • Animal Count
A factory made 270 light bulbs on the first day and 149 light bulbs on the second day. How many bulbs were made altogether? Did they cross 400 bulbs?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Day 1 bulbs = 270
• Day 2 bulbs = 149
• Total bulbs = 270 + 149 = 419 bulbs.
• Since 419 is greater than 400, yes, they successfully crossed 400 bulbs by 19 bulbs.
• Day 1 bulbs = 270
• Day 2 bulbs = 149
• Total bulbs = 270 + 149 = 419 bulbs.
• Since 419 is greater than 400, yes, they successfully crossed 400 bulbs by 19 bulbs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct addition (270 + 149 = 419)
1.0 M
Accurate comparison with 400 threshold
1.0 M
Q4
Kittu's Home Maze • Jumping 10s on a 100-Grid
Kittu has a house with 100 rooms numbered 1 to 100. Jumping up one row means adding 10 (+10).
(a) Kittu starts at room 14 and jumps 2 rows up. Which room does he reach?
(b) He is in room 47 and jumps 1 row down and 2 steps left. Which room is he in now?
(c) Write the shortcut to go from room 28 to room 58.
[3 Marks]
(a) Kittu starts at room 14 and jumps 2 rows up. Which room does he reach?
(b) He is in room 47 and jumps 1 row down and 2 steps left. Which room is he in now?
(c) Write the shortcut to go from room 28 to room 58.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Grid Navigation:
(a) Room 14 + 2 rows:
• 14 + 10 + 10 = 14 + 20 = Room 34.
(b) From 47: 1 row down, 2 steps left:
• 1 row down = 47 - 10 = 37.
• 2 steps left = 37 - 2 = Room 35.
(c) From 28 to 58:
• Difference = 58 - 28 = 30.
• Shortcut: Jump 3 rows straight up (3 jumps of 10).
(a) Room 14 + 2 rows:
• 14 + 10 + 10 = 14 + 20 = Room 34.
(b) From 47: 1 row down, 2 steps left:
• 1 row down = 47 - 10 = 37.
• 2 steps left = 37 - 2 = Room 35.
(c) From 28 to 58:
• Difference = 58 - 28 = 30.
• Shortcut: Jump 3 rows straight up (3 jumps of 10).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct room for (a): Room 34
1.0 M
Correct room for (b): Room 35
1.0 M
Correct shortcut for (c): 3 rows straight up (30)
1.0 M
Q5
Mental Addition Tricks • Making Tens
Solve the following additions using mental breakdown (splitting into tens and ones):
(a) 37 + 22
(b) 73 + 24
(c) 56 + 21
[3 Marks]
(a) 37 + 22
(b) 73 + 24
(c) 56 + 21
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Mental Splitting Method:
• (a) 37 + 22: (30 + 20) + (7 + 2) = 50 + 9 = 59.
• (b) 73 + 24: (70 + 20) + (3 + 4) = 90 + 7 = 97.
• (c) 56 + 21: (50 + 20) + (6 + 1) = 70 + 7 = 77.
• (a) 37 + 22: (30 + 20) + (7 + 2) = 50 + 9 = 59.
• (b) 73 + 24: (70 + 20) + (3 + 4) = 90 + 7 = 97.
• (c) 56 + 21: (50 + 20) + (6 + 1) = 70 + 7 = 77.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct breakdown and answer for (a): 59
1.0 M
Correct breakdown and answer for (b): 97
1.0 M
Correct breakdown and answer for (c): 77
1.0 M
Q6
Word Problem • Grasshopper & Leaves
A grasshopper ate 68 green leaves on Monday and 47 green leaves on Tuesday.
(a) How many leaves did it eat altogether on both days?
(b) How many more leaves did it eat on Monday than on Tuesday?
[3 Marks]
(a) How many leaves did it eat altogether on both days?
(b) How many more leaves did it eat on Monday than on Tuesday?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Total Leaves:
• 68 + 47 = (60 + 40) + (8 + 7) = 100 + 15 = 115 leaves.
(b) Difference:
• 68 - 47 = (68 - 40) - 7 = 28 - 7 = 21 more leaves.
(a) Total Leaves:
• 68 + 47 = (60 + 40) + (8 + 7) = 100 + 15 = 115 leaves.
(b) Difference:
• 68 - 47 = (68 - 40) - 7 = 28 - 7 = 21 more leaves.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct sum (115 leaves)
1.5 M
Correct difference (21 leaves)
1.5 M
Q7
Number Puzzle • Finding Hidden Pairs
Find two numbers whose sum is 75 and whose difference is 15.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Puzzle Solution:
• Let the two numbers be A and B.
• Sum = A + B = 75.
• Difference = A - B = 15.
• Adding the two equations: 2 × A = 75 + 15 = 90.
• Larger number (A) = 90 ÷ 2 = 45.
• Smaller number (B) = 75 - 45 = 30.
• Verification:
- Sum: 45 + 30 = 75.
- Difference: 45 - 30 = 15.
• The numbers are 45 and 30.
• Let the two numbers be A and B.
• Sum = A + B = 75.
• Difference = A - B = 15.
• Adding the two equations: 2 × A = 75 + 15 = 90.
• Larger number (A) = 90 ÷ 2 = 45.
• Smaller number (B) = 75 - 45 = 30.
• Verification:
- Sum: 45 + 30 = 75.
- Difference: 45 - 30 = 15.
• The numbers are 45 and 30.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Systematic method shown to find numbers
1.5 M
Correct numbers (45 and 30) with verification
1.5 M
Q8
Textbook Exercise • Real-Life Math
In Chapter 3 ('Give and Take'), a student solves an NCERT word problem: If 1 kg of apples costs ₹60 and 1 kg of oranges costs ₹40, how much do 2 kg of apples and 3 kg of oranges cost altogether?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Cost of 2 kg apples = 2 × ₹60 = ₹120.
2. Cost of 3 kg oranges = 3 × ₹40 = ₹120.
3. Total cost = ₹120 + ₹120 = ₹240.
1. Cost of 2 kg apples = 2 × ₹60 = ₹120.
2. Cost of 3 kg oranges = 3 × ₹40 = ₹120.
3. Total cost = ₹120 + ₹120 = ₹240.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Apples = ₹120
1 M
Oranges = ₹120
1 M
Total = ₹240
1 M
Q9
In-Text Activity • Hands-on Investigation
In 'Give and Take', how do you measure and compare quantities accurately? Explain with an example using standard units.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Measurement Explanation:
• Standard units provide consistent and reliable measurements across the world.
• For length, we use metres (m) and centimetres (cm).
• For weight, we use kilograms (kg) and grams (g).
• For liquids, we use litres (L) and millilitres (mL).
• Unlike non-standard units (such as footsteps or handspans), standard units give the exact same measurement no matter who measures.
• Standard units provide consistent and reliable measurements across the world.
• For length, we use metres (m) and centimetres (cm).
• For weight, we use kilograms (kg) and grams (g).
• For liquids, we use litres (L) and millilitres (mL).
• Unlike non-standard units (such as footsteps or handspans), standard units give the exact same measurement no matter who measures.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Standard units defined
1.5 M
Examples for length, weight, liquid
1.5 M
Q10
Practice Time • Two-Step Word Problem
Suresh bought a school bag for ₹175 and a pencil box for ₹45. He gave a ₹500 note to the shopkeeper. How much change did he receive?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Total money spent = ₹175 + ₹45 = ₹220.
2. Amount paid = ₹500.
3. Change returned = ₹500 - ₹220 = ₹280.
1. Total money spent = ₹175 + ₹45 = ₹220.
2. Amount paid = ₹500.
3. Change returned = ₹500 - ₹220 = ₹280.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Total spent = ₹220
1.5 M
Change = ₹280
1.5 M
Q11
Mental Math • Quick Calculations
Calculate mentally without writing long columns:
(a) 250 + 150 = ?
(b) 500 - 180 = ?
(c) 4 × 25 = ?
(d) 100 ÷ 4 = ?
[2 Marks]
(a) 250 + 150 = ?
(b) 500 - 180 = ?
(c) 4 × 25 = ?
(d) 100 ÷ 4 = ?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Mental Calculations:
• (a) 250 + 150 = 400.
• (b) 500 - 180 = 320.
• (c) 4 × 25 = 100.
• (d) 100 ÷ 4 = 25.
• (a) 250 + 150 = 400.
• (b) 500 - 180 = 320.
• (c) 4 × 25 = 100.
• (d) 100 ÷ 4 = 25.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 4 mental results correct
2 M
Q12
Geometry & Shapes • Edge and Corner Counting
Name a 3D solid shape that has:
(a) 6 flat square faces, 12 straight edges, and 8 corners.
(b) 1 curved surface and 2 flat circular faces.
(c) Only 1 curved surface and 0 corners.
[3 Marks]
(a) 6 flat square faces, 12 straight edges, and 8 corners.
(b) 1 curved surface and 2 flat circular faces.
(c) Only 1 curved surface and 0 corners.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solid Shapes:
• (a) 6 square faces, 12 edges, 8 corners: Cube.
• (b) 1 curved and 2 circular faces: Cylinder.
• (c) Only 1 curved surface, 0 corners: Sphere.
• (a) 6 square faces, 12 edges, 8 corners: Cube.
• (b) 1 curved and 2 circular faces: Cylinder.
• (c) Only 1 curved surface, 0 corners: Sphere.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Cube
1 M
Cylinder
1 M
Sphere
1 M
Q13
Pattern Time • Sequences and Rules
Identify the rule and find the next two terms: 5, 10, 20, 40, ___, ___.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Rule: Each term is multiplied by 2 (doubled).
• 40 × 2 = 80
• 80 × 2 = 160.
Next terms are 80, 160.
• 40 × 2 = 80
• 80 × 2 = 160.
Next terms are 80, 160.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Next terms 80, 160
1 M
Rule: multiplying by 2
1 M
Q14
Time & Calendar • Date Calculation
Rohan's summer vacation starts on 15th May and ends on 30th June. How many total days of vacation does Rohan get? (Remember: May has 31 days).
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Days Count:
• Days in May: From 15th to 31st = (31 - 15) + 1 = 17 days.
• Days in June: Full 30 days = 30 days.
• Total vacation days = 17 + 30 = 47 days.
• Days in May: From 15th to 31st = (31 - 15) + 1 = 17 days.
• Days in June: Full 30 days = 30 days.
• Total vacation days = 17 + 30 = 47 days.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
May days = 17
1.5 M
June days = 30; Total = 47 days
1.5 M
Q15
Equal Sharing • Division Problem
Mother bakes 36 cookies and wants to distribute them equally among 4 children. How many cookies does each child receive? Write the division sentence.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Equal Sharing:
• Total cookies = 36.
• Number of children = 4.
• Cookies per child = 36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies.
• Division sentence: 36 ÷ 4 = 9.
• Total cookies = 36.
• Number of children = 4.
• Cookies per child = 36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies.
• Division sentence: 36 ÷ 4 = 9.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies
2 M
Q16
Data Handling • Reading a Bar Chart
A survey of pets owned by children: Dog (14), Cat (10), Parrot (6), Fish (8).
(a) Which pet is owned by the least number of children?
(b) How many total pets are there?
(c) How many more dogs are there than parrots?
[3 Marks]
(a) Which pet is owned by the least number of children?
(b) How many total pets are there?
(c) How many more dogs are there than parrots?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Survey Analysis:
• (a) Least owned pet: Parrot (only 6).
• (b) Total pets: 14 + 10 + 6 + 8 = 38 pets.
• (c) Difference: 14 Dogs - 6 Parrots = 8 more dogs.
• (a) Least owned pet: Parrot (only 6).
• (b) Total pets: 14 + 10 + 6 + 8 = 38 pets.
• (c) Difference: 14 Dogs - 6 Parrots = 8 more dogs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Parrot least
1 M
Total = 38
1 M
Difference = 8
1 M
Q17
Money • Making a Change
A toy train costs ₹85. You pay with a ₹100 note. The shopkeeper gives you change in 5-rupee coins only. How many 5-rupee coins do you receive?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculations:
• Change due = ₹100 - ₹85 = ₹15.
• Number of 5-rupee coins = ₹15 ÷ ₹5 = 3 coins.
• Change due = ₹100 - ₹85 = ₹15.
• Number of 5-rupee coins = ₹15 ÷ ₹5 = 3 coins.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Change = ₹15
1 M
3 coins of ₹5
1 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Wildlife Forest Census
During an annual bird count in Keoladeo National Park, volunteers spotted 147 migratory cranes and 185 resident ducks on Saturday.
Analytical Task: What was the total number of birds spotted? If the birders expected at least 350 birds, how many more birds were needed to meet their expectation?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
1. Total birds = 147 + 185 = 332 birds.
2. Expected count = 350 birds.
3. Shortfall = 350 - 332 = 18 birds.
2. Expected count = 350 birds.
3. Shortfall = 350 - 332 = 18 birds.
Rubric: 1.5M addition of 147 + 185 + 1.5M subtraction from 350.