Chapter 6 of 14
Chapter 6: Fun with Give and Take
Subtraction with Borrowing, Checking by Addition, Cricket Runs & Story Problems | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Subtraction of 3-digit numbers with regrouping across tens and hundreds.
- Verifying subtraction using inverse addition (Difference + Subtrahend = Minuend).
- Estimating differences by rounding to nearest 10 or 100.
- Solving multi-step real-world problems involving shopping and transport.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (17 Questions)
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Q1
Subtraction with Regrouping • Column Working
Solve: 503 - 247. Show step-by-step regrouping across zeroes. Then check your answer by addition.
[4 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Working:
H T O
5 0 3
- 2 4 7
---------
2 5 6
Regrouping Explanation:
1. Ones: 3 - 7 cannot be done. Tens place has 0, so borrow from Hundreds place.
2. Borrow 1 Hundred from 5 (leaves 4 Hundreds) → Tens becomes 10.
3. Borrow 1 Ten from 10 (leaves 9 Tens) → Ones becomes 13.
4. Ones: 13 - 7 = 6.
5. Tens: 9 - 4 = 5.
6. Hundreds: 4 - 2 = 2.
Check by Addition: 256 + 247 = 503 ✓ Verified correct.
H T O
5 0 3
- 2 4 7
---------
2 5 6
Regrouping Explanation:
1. Ones: 3 - 7 cannot be done. Tens place has 0, so borrow from Hundreds place.
2. Borrow 1 Hundred from 5 (leaves 4 Hundreds) → Tens becomes 10.
3. Borrow 1 Ten from 10 (leaves 9 Tens) → Ones becomes 13.
4. Ones: 13 - 7 = 6.
5. Tens: 9 - 4 = 5.
6. Hundreds: 4 - 2 = 2.
Check by Addition: 256 + 247 = 503 ✓ Verified correct.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct borrowing across zero
2.0 M
Correct difference (256)
1.0 M
Correct addition check (256 + 247 = 503)
1.0 M
Q2
Cricket Match Scoreboard • Target Problem
In a one-day cricket match, Sri Lanka made 232 runs. India has scored 123 runs so far. How many runs does India still need to win the match?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
• Sri Lanka's score = 232 runs
• Runs needed to win = Sri Lanka's score + 1 = 232 + 1 = 233 runs.
• India's current score = 123 runs
• Runs still needed to win = 233 - 123 = 110 runs.
• Sri Lanka's score = 232 runs
• Runs needed to win = Sri Lanka's score + 1 = 232 + 1 = 233 runs.
• India's current score = 123 runs
• Runs still needed to win = 233 - 123 = 110 runs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct identification of winning target (233 runs)
1.5 M
Correct subtraction (233 - 123 = 110 runs)
1.5 M
Q3
Estimation Check • Shopping Math
Mohan went shopping with ₹400. He bought a shirt for ₹195 and trousers for ₹148. Without exact calculation, estimate if he has enough money. Then find his exact change.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solution:
1. Estimation:
• ₹195 is approx ₹200.
• ₹148 is approx ₹150.
• Total estimate = ₹200 + ₹150 = ₹350.
• Since ₹350 < ₹400, he has enough money.
2. Exact Calculation:
• Total cost = ₹195 + ₹148 = ₹343.
• Change received = ₹400 - ₹343 = ₹57.
1. Estimation:
• ₹195 is approx ₹200.
• ₹148 is approx ₹150.
• Total estimate = ₹200 + ₹150 = ₹350.
• Since ₹350 < ₹400, he has enough money.
2. Exact Calculation:
• Total cost = ₹195 + ₹148 = ₹343.
• Change received = ₹400 - ₹343 = ₹57.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Clear estimation reasoning with rounded numbers
1.5 M
Exact addition (₹343) and change calculation (₹57)
1.5 M
Q4
Cricket Match Chase • Runs Needed
In a one-day cricket match, Pakistan scored 232 runs. India has scored 123 runs so far.
(a) How many runs does India need to win?
(b) If Rohit scores 45 runs and Virat scores 55 runs in the next partnership, will India reach the target? Show calculations.
[3 Marks]
(a) How many runs does India need to win?
(b) If Rohit scores 45 runs and Virat scores 55 runs in the next partnership, will India reach the target? Show calculations.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Runs Needed:
• Pakistan scored = 232 runs.
• Winning target = 232 + 1 = 233 runs.
• Runs scored so far = 123 runs.
• Runs needed to win = 233 - 123 = 110 runs.
(b) Partnership Runs:
• Rohit (45) + Virat (55) = 100 runs.
• New total score = 123 + 100 = 223 runs.
• Still needed to win = 233 - 223 = 10 runs.
• No, India will not reach the target yet; they will still need 10 more runs to win.
(a) Runs Needed:
• Pakistan scored = 232 runs.
• Winning target = 232 + 1 = 233 runs.
• Runs scored so far = 123 runs.
• Runs needed to win = 233 - 123 = 110 runs.
(b) Partnership Runs:
• Rohit (45) + Virat (55) = 100 runs.
• New total score = 123 + 100 = 223 runs.
• Still needed to win = 233 - 223 = 10 runs.
• No, India will not reach the target yet; they will still need 10 more runs to win.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct winning target (233) and subtraction (110 runs)
1.5 M
Correct partnership sum (100) and conclusion (still needs 10 runs)
1.5 M
Q5
Geeta's Purse • Subtraction and Checking
Geeta had ₹368 in her purse. She bought a book for ₹123.
(a) How much money is left in her purse?
(b) Check Geeta's remaining balance using addition.
[3 Marks]
(a) How much money is left in her purse?
(b) Check Geeta's remaining balance using addition.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Money Left:
• Total in purse = ₹368.
• Book cost = ₹123.
• Subtraction: 368 - 123 = (300 - 100) + (60 - 20) + (8 - 3) = 200 + 40 + 5 = ₹245.
(b) Checking with Addition:
• Remaining money + Book cost = Total original money
• 245 + 123 = 368.
• Verified: The answer ₹245 is correct.
(a) Money Left:
• Total in purse = ₹368.
• Book cost = ₹123.
• Subtraction: 368 - 123 = (300 - 100) + (60 - 20) + (8 - 3) = 200 + 40 + 5 = ₹245.
(b) Checking with Addition:
• Remaining money + Book cost = Total original money
• 245 + 123 = 368.
• Verified: The answer ₹245 is correct.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct subtraction (₹245)
1.5 M
Correct addition verification (245 + 123 = 368)
1.5 M
Q6
Electricity Meter Reading • Units Consumed
Khushboo's mother checked the electricity meter on the 1st of the month. It read 118 units. At the end of the month, the meter read 193 units.
(a) How many electricity units did the family use during the month?
(b) If each unit costs ₹5, what is the total electricity charge for the month?
[3 Marks]
(a) How many electricity units did the family use during the month?
(b) If each unit costs ₹5, what is the total electricity charge for the month?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
(a) Units Consumed:
• Final reading = 193 units.
• Initial reading = 118 units.
• Units used = 193 - 118 = 75 units.
(b) Electricity Charge:
• 75 units × ₹5 per unit = ₹375.
(a) Units Consumed:
• Final reading = 193 units.
• Initial reading = 118 units.
• Units used = 193 - 118 = 75 units.
(b) Electricity Charge:
• 75 units × ₹5 per unit = ₹375.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct units consumed (193 - 118 = 75 units)
1.5 M
Correct cost multiplication (75 × 5 = ₹375)
1.5 M
Q7
Train Journey • Distance Between Stations
A train travels from New Delhi to Kanpur. The distances from New Delhi are:
• Aligarh: 130 km
• Tundla: 204 km
• Kanpur: 435 km
(a) Find the distance between Aligarh and Tundla.
(b) Find the distance between Tundla and Kanpur.
[3 Marks]
• Aligarh: 130 km
• Tundla: 204 km
• Kanpur: 435 km
(a) Find the distance between Aligarh and Tundla.
(b) Find the distance between Tundla and Kanpur.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Subtraction:
(a) Aligarh to Tundla:
• 204 km - 130 km = 74 km.
(b) Tundla to Kanpur:
• 435 km - 204 km = 231 km.
(a) Aligarh to Tundla:
• 204 km - 130 km = 74 km.
(b) Tundla to Kanpur:
• 435 km - 204 km = 231 km.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct distance for (a): 74 km
1.5 M
Correct distance for (b): 231 km
1.5 M
Q8
Textbook Exercise • Real-Life Math
In Chapter 6 ('Fun with Give and Take'), a student solves an NCERT word problem: If 1 kg of apples costs ₹60 and 1 kg of oranges costs ₹40, how much do 2 kg of apples and 3 kg of oranges cost altogether?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Cost of 2 kg apples = 2 × ₹60 = ₹120.
2. Cost of 3 kg oranges = 3 × ₹40 = ₹120.
3. Total cost = ₹120 + ₹120 = ₹240.
1. Cost of 2 kg apples = 2 × ₹60 = ₹120.
2. Cost of 3 kg oranges = 3 × ₹40 = ₹120.
3. Total cost = ₹120 + ₹120 = ₹240.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Apples = ₹120
1 M
Oranges = ₹120
1 M
Total = ₹240
1 M
Q9
In-Text Activity • Hands-on Investigation
In 'Fun with Give and Take', how do you measure and compare quantities accurately? Explain with an example using standard units.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Measurement Explanation:
• Standard units provide consistent and reliable measurements across the world.
• For length, we use metres (m) and centimetres (cm).
• For weight, we use kilograms (kg) and grams (g).
• For liquids, we use litres (L) and millilitres (mL).
• Unlike non-standard units (such as footsteps or handspans), standard units give the exact same measurement no matter who measures.
• Standard units provide consistent and reliable measurements across the world.
• For length, we use metres (m) and centimetres (cm).
• For weight, we use kilograms (kg) and grams (g).
• For liquids, we use litres (L) and millilitres (mL).
• Unlike non-standard units (such as footsteps or handspans), standard units give the exact same measurement no matter who measures.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Standard units defined
1.5 M
Examples for length, weight, liquid
1.5 M
Q10
Practice Time • Two-Step Word Problem
Suresh bought a school bag for ₹175 and a pencil box for ₹45. He gave a ₹500 note to the shopkeeper. How much change did he receive?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Step-by-Step Solution:
1. Total money spent = ₹175 + ₹45 = ₹220.
2. Amount paid = ₹500.
3. Change returned = ₹500 - ₹220 = ₹280.
1. Total money spent = ₹175 + ₹45 = ₹220.
2. Amount paid = ₹500.
3. Change returned = ₹500 - ₹220 = ₹280.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Total spent = ₹220
1.5 M
Change = ₹280
1.5 M
Q11
Mental Math • Quick Calculations
Calculate mentally without writing long columns:
(a) 250 + 150 = ?
(b) 500 - 180 = ?
(c) 4 × 25 = ?
(d) 100 ÷ 4 = ?
[2 Marks]
(a) 250 + 150 = ?
(b) 500 - 180 = ?
(c) 4 × 25 = ?
(d) 100 ÷ 4 = ?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Mental Calculations:
• (a) 250 + 150 = 400.
• (b) 500 - 180 = 320.
• (c) 4 × 25 = 100.
• (d) 100 ÷ 4 = 25.
• (a) 250 + 150 = 400.
• (b) 500 - 180 = 320.
• (c) 4 × 25 = 100.
• (d) 100 ÷ 4 = 25.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 4 mental results correct
2 M
Q12
Geometry & Shapes • Edge and Corner Counting
Name a 3D solid shape that has:
(a) 6 flat square faces, 12 straight edges, and 8 corners.
(b) 1 curved surface and 2 flat circular faces.
(c) Only 1 curved surface and 0 corners.
[3 Marks]
(a) 6 flat square faces, 12 straight edges, and 8 corners.
(b) 1 curved surface and 2 flat circular faces.
(c) Only 1 curved surface and 0 corners.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Solid Shapes:
• (a) 6 square faces, 12 edges, 8 corners: Cube.
• (b) 1 curved and 2 circular faces: Cylinder.
• (c) Only 1 curved surface, 0 corners: Sphere.
• (a) 6 square faces, 12 edges, 8 corners: Cube.
• (b) 1 curved and 2 circular faces: Cylinder.
• (c) Only 1 curved surface, 0 corners: Sphere.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Cube
1 M
Cylinder
1 M
Sphere
1 M
Q13
Pattern Time • Sequences and Rules
Identify the rule and find the next two terms: 5, 10, 20, 40, ___, ___.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Rule: Each term is multiplied by 2 (doubled).
• 40 × 2 = 80
• 80 × 2 = 160.
Next terms are 80, 160.
• 40 × 2 = 80
• 80 × 2 = 160.
Next terms are 80, 160.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Next terms 80, 160
1 M
Rule: multiplying by 2
1 M
Q14
Time & Calendar • Date Calculation
Rohan's summer vacation starts on 15th May and ends on 30th June. How many total days of vacation does Rohan get? (Remember: May has 31 days).
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Days Count:
• Days in May: From 15th to 31st = (31 - 15) + 1 = 17 days.
• Days in June: Full 30 days = 30 days.
• Total vacation days = 17 + 30 = 47 days.
• Days in May: From 15th to 31st = (31 - 15) + 1 = 17 days.
• Days in June: Full 30 days = 30 days.
• Total vacation days = 17 + 30 = 47 days.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
May days = 17
1.5 M
June days = 30; Total = 47 days
1.5 M
Q15
Equal Sharing • Division Problem
Mother bakes 36 cookies and wants to distribute them equally among 4 children. How many cookies does each child receive? Write the division sentence.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Equal Sharing:
• Total cookies = 36.
• Number of children = 4.
• Cookies per child = 36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies.
• Division sentence: 36 ÷ 4 = 9.
• Total cookies = 36.
• Number of children = 4.
• Cookies per child = 36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies.
• Division sentence: 36 ÷ 4 = 9.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
36 ÷ 4 = 9 cookies
2 M
Q16
Data Handling • Reading a Bar Chart
A survey of pets owned by children: Dog (14), Cat (10), Parrot (6), Fish (8).
(a) Which pet is owned by the least number of children?
(b) How many total pets are there?
(c) How many more dogs are there than parrots?
[3 Marks]
(a) Which pet is owned by the least number of children?
(b) How many total pets are there?
(c) How many more dogs are there than parrots?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Survey Analysis:
• (a) Least owned pet: Parrot (only 6).
• (b) Total pets: 14 + 10 + 6 + 8 = 38 pets.
• (c) Difference: 14 Dogs - 6 Parrots = 8 more dogs.
• (a) Least owned pet: Parrot (only 6).
• (b) Total pets: 14 + 10 + 6 + 8 = 38 pets.
• (c) Difference: 14 Dogs - 6 Parrots = 8 more dogs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Parrot least
1 M
Total = 38
1 M
Difference = 8
1 M
Q17
Money • Making a Change
A toy train costs ₹85. You pay with a ₹100 note. The shopkeeper gives you change in 5-rupee coins only. How many 5-rupee coins do you receive?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Calculations:
• Change due = ₹100 - ₹85 = ₹15.
• Number of 5-rupee coins = ₹15 ÷ ₹5 = 3 coins.
• Change due = ₹100 - ₹85 = ₹15.
• Number of 5-rupee coins = ₹15 ÷ ₹5 = 3 coins.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Change = ₹15
1 M
3 coins of ₹5
1 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Village Water Tank Maintenance
A village overhead water tank has a capacity of 850 litres. In the morning, 475 litres of water were consumed by households. Later, the pump filled 320 litres of fresh water into the tank.
Analytical Task: How much water was in the tank at the end of the day? Can the tank take another 200 litres without overflowing?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
1. Water left after morning usage = 850 - 475 = 375 litres.
2. Water after fresh pumping = 375 + 320 = 695 litres.
3. Space remaining in tank = 850 - 695 = 155 litres.
4. Since 155 litres < 200 litres, no, adding 200 litres will cause the tank to overflow (by 45 litres).
2. Water after fresh pumping = 375 + 320 = 695 litres.
3. Space remaining in tank = 850 - 695 = 155 litres.
4. Since 155 litres < 200 litres, no, adding 200 litres will cause the tank to overflow (by 45 litres).
Rubric: 1M morning subtraction + 1M pumping addition + 1M capacity check.