Chapter 5 of 12
Chapter 5: Food We Eat & Healthy Habits
Meals of the Day, Fruits, Vegetables, Milk & Hygiene | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Need for Food (Energy, Growth, Health)
- Three Food Groups (Energy-giving, Body-building, Protective)
- Three Main Meals (Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner)
- Healthy Eating Habits and Table Manners
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (15 Questions)
100% Complete Ingestion
Q1
Think and Tell
Why do our bodies need food every day?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Our bodies need food because:
1. It gives us energy to work, play, and study.
2. It helps us grow tall and strong.
3. It protects us from diseases and keeps us healthy.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Energy to work and play
1
Growth of body
1
Protection from sickness
1
Q2
Food Groups
Name the three main food groups and give one example of each.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
1. Energy-giving foods: Carbohydrates and fats (e.g., Rice, Potato, Bread, Butter).
2. Body-building foods: Proteins that build muscles and bones (e.g., Milk, Pulses/Dal, Eggs, Paneer).
3. Protective foods: Vitamins and minerals that fight sickness (e.g., Fresh fruits and Green leafy vegetables).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Energy-giving with example
1
Body-building with example
1
Protective with example
1
Q3
Complete Food
Why is milk called a 'complete food' for growing children?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Milk contains calcium, proteins, vitamins, and minerals that build strong bones, bright teeth, and healthy muscles, which is why it is called a complete food.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Calcium and protein content
1
Strong bones and teeth
1
Q4
Meals of the Day
What are the three main meals of the day, and when are they eaten?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
The three main meals are:
1. Breakfast - Eaten in the morning to start the day.
2. Lunch - Eaten in the afternoon.
3. Dinner - Eaten at night with family.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
1 mark per meal with correct time
3
Q5
Vegetarian vs Non-Vegetarian
Differentiate between a vegetarian diet and a non-vegetarian diet.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
• Vegetarian: People who eat plant foods (grains, pulses, vegetables, fruits) and dairy products (milk, curd, paneer).
• Non-Vegetarian: People who also eat animal meat, chicken, fish, and eggs.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Vegetarian definition
1
Non-vegetarian definition
1
Q6
Raw and Cooked Food
Give two examples of foods that can be eaten raw and two foods that must be cooked.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
• Eaten Raw: Apple, Cucumber, Carrot, Tomato (as salad).
• Must be Cooked: Rice, Wheat flour (chapati), Dal (lentils), Potato.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Two raw foods
1
Two cooked foods
1
Q7
Healthy Eating Habits
Mention four good eating habits that everyone should follow.
[4 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Four good eating habits:
1. Wash hands with soap before and after eating meals.
2. Chew food slowly and properly; do not talk with food in your mouth.
3. Eat meals at fixed regular times daily.
4. Never waste food on your plate; take only what you can finish.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
1 mark per valid eating habit
4
Q8
Match the Following
Match the food with its nutritional benefit:
(a) Spinach -> (i) Quick energy
(b) Dal / Pulses -> (ii) Strong bones & teeth
(c) Banana -> (iii) Good eyesight (iron & vitamins)
(d) Milk -> (iv) Muscle repair (protein)
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
(a) Spinach -> (iii) Good eyesight (iron & vitamins)
(b) Dal / Pulses -> (iv) Muscle repair (protein)
(c) Banana -> (i) Quick energy
(d) Milk -> (ii) Strong bones & teeth.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 4 correct matches
2
Q9
True or False
State True or False:
(a) Junk food like pizza and chips gives our body all essential vitamins.
(b) Drinking 6 to 8 glasses of water every day helps in digestion.
(c) Uncovered street food can have flies and cause diseases like cholera.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
(a) False
(b) True
(c) True.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
1 mark per correct answer
3
Q10
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blanks:
(a) We should eat a ________ (balanced / junk) diet to stay fit.
(b) Rice and wheat are called ________ (grains / spices).
(c) Eating too many sweets and chocolates can damage our ________ (teeth / hair).
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
(a) balanced
(b) grains
(c) teeth.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
1 mark per correct blank
3
Q11
Water Importance
Why is drinking clean water essential along with food?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Water helps in digesting food, absorbing nutrients, removing body waste through urine and sweat, and regulating our body temperature.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Digestion and nutrient absorption
1
Waste removal and temperature control
1
Q12
Table Manners
What is an important table manner when eating with family or guests?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
We should sit up straight, wait until everyone is served before eating, chew with our mouth closed, and say 'Thank you' to the person who cooked the meal.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Mouth closed and courtesy to cook/family
2
Q13
Food Preservation
Why do we keep milk and cooked vegetables inside a refrigerator?
[1 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
The low cold temperature inside the refrigerator slows down the growth of bacteria and prevents food from spoiling.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Prevents spoilage by slowing bacterial growth
1
Q14
Dairy Products
Name three delicious foods prepared from milk.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Three dairy products: Curd (yogurt), Butter, Cheese (or Paneer, Ice cream).
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Three valid milk products
2
Q15
Say No to Waste
Why is it important not to waste food?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Farmers work hard under the hot sun for months to grow food crops. Many poor people do not get even one square meal a day, so wasting food is disrespectful and unkind.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Farmer's hard labor
1
Respect for resources and needy people
1
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Practical Application Task
Analytical Task: Why is Rohan feeling weak and unwell? What changes should he make to have a balanced diet?
Evaluation & Model Answer:
Rohan is eating 'junk food' which lacks vital vitamins, minerals, and proteins, causing weakness and digestive trouble. To improve his health, he should:
1. Eat freshly cooked homemade meals including dal, green vegetables, chapatis, and fresh fruits.
2. Drink 1-2 glasses of milk daily and plenty of clean water.
3. Avoid daily junk foods and carbonated drinks.
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