Chapter 22 of 24
Chapter 22: Left-Right
Spatial Awareness, Directional Orientation (North, South, East, West), Map Reading, and Symbols | CBSE Session 2026–27
Core Pedagogical Competencies & Concepts
- Spatial awareness: Distinguishing between our left hand and right hand.
- Cardinal directions: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West; facing East, our left is North and right is South.
- Map symbols and legends: Using standardized symbols for houses, trees, post offices, schools, and hospitals.
- Reading simple neighborhood route maps to navigate safely from home to school.
All Textbook Exercises & In-Text Tasks (17 Questions)
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Q1
Cardinal Directions
How can you find the four cardinal directions (North, South, East, West) using the morning sun?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Stand outside in an open area in the early morning and stretch your arms out wide:
1. Face directly toward the rising morning sun: That direction is East.
2. Your back points directly toward West (where the sun sets).
3. Your left hand points straight toward North.
4. Your right hand points straight toward South.
1. Face directly toward the rising morning sun: That direction is East.
2. Your back points directly toward West (where the sun sets).
3. Your left hand points straight toward North.
4. Your right hand points straight toward South.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
East (facing rising sun) and West (back)
1.5 Marks
North (left arm) and South (right arm)
1.5 Marks
Q2
Map Symbols & Key/Legend
Why do maps use small pictorial symbols instead of drawing full realistic pictures of buildings and roads?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Real buildings, parks, and hospitals are too huge to draw on a portable sheet of paper. Standardized symbols (like a green circle for a tree, a red plus sign for a hospital, and a dashed line for railway tracks) take up very little space, keep the map neat and uncluttered, and can be understood universally by travelers regardless of their language.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Space-saving and clutter reduction
1.5 Marks
Universal readability across languages
1.5 Marks
Q3
Spatial Orientation
When Ruchira travels from home to school, mention two landmarks that fall on her right side.
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
On Ruchira's right side as she moves along the route fall the park / playground and the bus stop.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct identification of two right-side landmarks from Ruchira's map
2 Marks
Q4
Mapping & Navigation • Ruchira's Journey
In 'Left-Right', Ruchira travels from home to school:
(a) Name three landmarks she passes on her left side.
(b) Name three landmarks she passes on her right side.
(c) Why do we use standardized map symbols instead of drawing full pictures?
[4 Marks]
(a) Name three landmarks she passes on her left side.
(b) Name three landmarks she passes on her right side.
(c) Why do we use standardized map symbols instead of drawing full pictures?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Mapping Concepts:
(a) On Her Left Side:
• House, Tree, Playground / Park.
(b) On Her Right Side:
• Hand pump, Post Office, Hospital, General Shop.
(c) Map Symbols:
• Full pictures take up too much space and are hard to draw. Simple standardized symbols (like a cross for hospital or envelope for post office) make maps clean, easy to read, and clear for anyone navigating.
(a) On Her Left Side:
• House, Tree, Playground / Park.
(b) On Her Right Side:
• Hand pump, Post Office, Hospital, General Shop.
(c) Map Symbols:
• Full pictures take up too much space and are hard to draw. Simple standardized symbols (like a cross for hospital or envelope for post office) make maps clean, easy to read, and clear for anyone navigating.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct landmarks on left side
1.5 M
Correct landmarks on right side
1.5 M
Clear rationale for using map symbols
1.0 M
Q5
Map Symbols • Standard Keys
Draw or describe the standard map symbol used for:
(a) Hospital
(b) Post Office
(c) School
(d) Tree
[4 Marks]
(a) Hospital
(b) Post Office
(c) School
(d) Tree
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Standard Map Symbols:
• (a) Hospital: Red Plus symbol [ + ] inside a square.
• (b) Post Office: An envelope symbol [ ✉️ ] or letter 'PO'.
• (c) School: Open book icon or silhouette of children with bags.
• (d) Tree: Green cloud-like canopy with brown trunk icon [ 🌳 ].
• (a) Hospital: Red Plus symbol [ + ] inside a square.
• (b) Post Office: An envelope symbol [ ✉️ ] or letter 'PO'.
• (c) School: Open book icon or silhouette of children with bags.
• (d) Tree: Green cloud-like canopy with brown trunk icon [ 🌳 ].
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct conventional symbol described for all 4 items
4.0 M
Q6
Cardinal Directions • Compass Basics
Stand facing the rising Sun in the early morning:
(a) Which direction is directly in front of you?
(b) Which direction is behind you?
(c) Which direction is to your left hand and right hand?
[3 Marks]
(a) Which direction is directly in front of you?
(b) Which direction is behind you?
(c) Which direction is to your left hand and right hand?
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Cardinal Directions:
• (a) In front of you: East (where the sun rises).
• (b) Behind you: West (where the sun sets).
• (c) Left hand: North.
• (d) Right hand: South.
• (a) In front of you: East (where the sun rises).
• (b) Behind you: West (where the sun sets).
• (c) Left hand: North.
• (d) Right hand: South.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
East in front and West behind
1.5 M
North on left and South on right
1.5 M
Q7
Classroom Plan • Top-Down Perspective
What is the difference between a picture of a classroom and a map (floor plan) of a classroom?
[2 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Picture vs Map:
• A picture shows the classroom from the side/front as your eyes see it with full 3D details.
• A map (floor plan) shows the classroom from directly above (bird's-eye top view) using symbols to show where desks, doors, windows, and blackboards are located.
• A picture shows the classroom from the side/front as your eyes see it with full 3D details.
• A map (floor plan) shows the classroom from directly above (bird's-eye top view) using symbols to show where desks, doors, windows, and blackboards are located.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Front perspective vs top-down aerial map view explained
2.0 M
Q8
Observation Time • Animals and Habits
In Chapter 22 ('Left-Right'), what animals did the characters observe, and how do they move from place to place?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Observations:
Animals move in diverse ways adapted to their bodies:
• Birds (Crow, Pigeon): Fly using wings and hop on two feet.
• Mammals (Cow, Dog): Walk and run on four legs.
• Reptiles (Lizard, Snake): Crawl on walls or slither on the ground.
• Insects (Ant, Grasshopper): Walk on six legs and hop/fly.
Animals move in diverse ways adapted to their bodies:
• Birds (Crow, Pigeon): Fly using wings and hop on two feet.
• Mammals (Cow, Dog): Walk and run on four legs.
• Reptiles (Lizard, Snake): Crawl on walls or slither on the ground.
• Insects (Ant, Grasshopper): Walk on six legs and hop/fly.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Birds, mammals, reptiles, insects movement
3 M
Q9
Find Out & Write • Animal Habitats
Name two animals that live:
(a) On trees
(b) In water
(c) On land
(d) Underground in burrows.
[2 Marks]
(a) On trees
(b) In water
(c) On land
(d) Underground in burrows.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Habitats:
• (a) On trees: Monkey, Squirrel, Owl.
• (b) In water: Fish, Frog, Crocodile.
• (c) On land: Horse, Elephant, Goat.
• (d) In burrows: Rabbit, Earthworm, Snake.
• (a) On trees: Monkey, Squirrel, Owl.
• (b) In water: Fish, Frog, Crocodile.
• (c) On land: Horse, Elephant, Goat.
• (d) In burrows: Rabbit, Earthworm, Snake.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Correct examples for all 4 habitats
2 M
Q10
Discuss & Share • Our Senses
How do our five sense organs help us understand and navigate our daily environment?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Five Senses:
1. Eyes: Help us see shapes, colours, and identify hazards.
2. Ears: Help us hear traffic horns, spoken words, and alarm sounds.
3. Nose: Helps us smell food, flowers, and detect smoke or gas leaks.
4. Tongue: Helps us taste sweet, sour, salty, and bitter food.
5. Skin: Helps us feel touch, heat, cold, roughness, and pain.
1. Eyes: Help us see shapes, colours, and identify hazards.
2. Ears: Help us hear traffic horns, spoken words, and alarm sounds.
3. Nose: Helps us smell food, flowers, and detect smoke or gas leaks.
4. Tongue: Helps us taste sweet, sour, salty, and bitter food.
5. Skin: Helps us feel touch, heat, cold, roughness, and pain.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
All 5 sense organs explained with functions
3 M
Q11
Water Cycle & Weather • Rain and Clouds
Where does rainwater come from, and why do plants and trees look fresher and greener after a rain shower?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Rain and Plant Health:
• Rain comes from water evaporating from rivers, ponds, and seas, forming clouds in the sky that cool and condense into rain droplets.
• Rain washes off thick dust accumulated on leaves, unblocks stomata for breathing, and deeply soaks the roots with fresh mineral-rich moisture.
• Rain comes from water evaporating from rivers, ponds, and seas, forming clouds in the sky that cool and condense into rain droplets.
• Rain washes off thick dust accumulated on leaves, unblocks stomata for breathing, and deeply soaks the roots with fresh mineral-rich moisture.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Water cycle / cloud formation
1.5 M
Why plants look greener after rain
1.5 M
Q12
Food Diversity • Regional Diets
Why do people living in Kerala eat more rice, fish, and coconut, while people in Punjab eat more wheat chapatis, mustard greens, and lassi?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Regional Food Factors:
• What people eat depends directly on what grows easily and abundantly in their climate and geography.
• Kerala has coastal climate, abundant rainfall, and coconut groves, making fish and rice staples.
• Punjab has fertile plains ideal for wheat and mustard cultivation, and a strong dairy culture.
• What people eat depends directly on what grows easily and abundantly in their climate and geography.
• Kerala has coastal climate, abundant rainfall, and coconut groves, making fish and rice staples.
• Punjab has fertile plains ideal for wheat and mustard cultivation, and a strong dairy culture.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Climate and agriculture connection
1.5 M
Kerala and Punjab examples explained
1.5 M
Q13
Cooking Methods • Kitchen Science
Match each food item to its primary method of cooking:
(a) Idli — (1) Frying
(b) Puri — (2) Steaming
(c) Roti — (3) Roasting on Tawa.
[3 Marks]
(a) Idli — (1) Frying
(b) Puri — (2) Steaming
(c) Roti — (3) Roasting on Tawa.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Matching:
• (a) Idli — (2) Steaming
• (b) Puri — (1) Frying in oil
• (c) Roti — (3) Roasting on Tawa.
• (a) Idli — (2) Steaming
• (b) Puri — (1) Frying in oil
• (c) Roti — (3) Roasting on Tawa.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Idli-Steaming, Puri-Frying, Roti-Roasting
3 M
Q14
Shelter & Houses • Diversity in Homes
Why are houses in heavy-rainfall regions like Assam built on bamboo stilts with sloping roofs?
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Stilt Houses:
• Bamboo Stilts: Keep the house 10 to 12 feet above ground level to prevent floodwaters and wild animals from entering.
• Sloping Roofs: Allow torrential rainwater to slide off quickly without accumulating or causing leaks.
• Bamboo Stilts: Keep the house 10 to 12 feet above ground level to prevent floodwaters and wild animals from entering.
• Sloping Roofs: Allow torrential rainwater to slide off quickly without accumulating or causing leaks.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Reason for bamboo stilts (floods)
1.5 M
Reason for sloping roof (rain runoff)
1.5 M
Q15
Community Helpers • Occupations
Identify the worker who:
(a) Mends our shoes
(b) Delivers letters and parcels
(c) Shapes clay into earthen pots on a wheel
(d) Treats sick people and prescribes medicines.
[2 Marks]
(a) Mends our shoes
(b) Delivers letters and parcels
(c) Shapes clay into earthen pots on a wheel
(d) Treats sick people and prescribes medicines.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Community Helpers:
• (a) Mends shoes: Cobbler
• (b) Delivers letters: Postman / Mail carrier
• (c) Shapes clay pots: Potter
• (d) Treats sick people: Doctor.
• (a) Mends shoes: Cobbler
• (b) Delivers letters: Postman / Mail carrier
• (c) Shapes clay pots: Potter
• (d) Treats sick people: Doctor.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Cobbler, Postman, Potter, Doctor
2 M
Q16
Web of Life • Food Chain
What is the 'Web of Life'? Draw a simple food chain showing how grass, deer, and lion are connected.
[3 Marks]
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Web of Life & Food Chain:
• The Web of Life shows that every living organism is interconnected and depends on others for survival.
• Food Chain: Sunlight → Grass (Producer) → Deer (Herbivore) → Lion (Carnivore).
If grass disappears, deer starve; if deer disappear, lions cannot survive.
• The Web of Life shows that every living organism is interconnected and depends on others for survival.
• Food Chain: Sunlight → Grass (Producer) → Deer (Herbivore) → Lion (Carnivore).
If grass disappears, deer starve; if deer disappear, lions cannot survive.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
Definition of Web of Life
1.5 M
Grass → Deer → Lion chain explained
1.5 M
Q17
Review Questions • True or False
Write True or False:
(a) Blind people can read books written in Braille script using their fingertips.
(b) Rainwater is the main natural source of fresh water on Earth.
(c) Animals do not have feelings and cannot communicate danger to each other.
[3 Marks]
(a) Blind people can read books written in Braille script using their fingertips.
(b) Rainwater is the main natural source of fresh water on Earth.
(c) Animals do not have feelings and cannot communicate danger to each other.
✅ Step-by-Step Solution & Working
Answers:
• (a) True: Braille uses raised dots felt with fingertips.
• (b) True: Rain replenishes rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
• (c) False: Animals communicate through warning calls, scents, and body language to alert their group of predators.
• (a) True: Braille uses raised dots felt with fingertips.
• (b) True: Rain replenishes rivers, lakes, and groundwater.
• (c) False: Animals communicate through warning calls, scents, and body language to alert their group of predators.
CBSE Step-by-Step Marking Scheme
True, True, False with reasoning
3 M
🌟 NEP 2020 Competency-Based Case Study
Practical Navigation Skills: Creating a School Fire Evacuation Map
During a school safety audit, the principal asks the Class 3 students to help map out an emergency evacuation route from their second-floor classroom to the open playground.
Analytical Task: Apply your map-making skills to explain how students should design this safety evacuation route map.
Evaluation & Model Answer:
Students should design a clear, user-friendly emergency map: (1) Orient with Cardinal Directions: Place a Compass Rose (N, S, E, W) in the top-right corner. (2) Prominent Landmark Symbols: Mark classroom doors, emergency staircases, fire extinguisher locations (using a red cylinder icon), and first-aid kits (red cross). (3) Bold Green Directional Arrows: Draw thick green arrows showing the exact evacuation path down the stairs avoiding elevators. (4) Safe Assembly Point: Clearly highlight the open football field as the final safe gathering zone.
Rubric: Compass rose orientation, clear legend symbols (fire exits/extinguishers), sequential directional arrows, safe assembly zone (4 Marks).